Matances de presoners de l'NKVD

Matances de presoners de l'NKVD
Tipus	massacre ; assassinats massius sota règims comunistes
Data	1941
Morts	100.000
Perpetrador	NKVD

Les matances de presoners de l'NKVD es refereixen a una sèrie d'execucions massives portades a terme per l'NKVD soviètic contra presoners a l'Europa Oriental, especialment a Polònia, els estats Bàltics, Bessaràbia, Ucraïna i d'altres regions de la Unió Soviètica d'on l'Exèrcit Roig es retirava després de la invasió alemanya el 1941. Les estimacions de les víctimes varien, de prop de 9.000 a Ucraïna^[1] a 100.000,^[2] amb 10.000 víctimes només a la Ucraïna occidental.^[3] No tots els presoners van ser assassinats: alguns d'ells van ser abandonats o aconseguiren fugir, car els botxins soviètics, retirant-se a correcuita davant l'avanç alemany, no podien tenir cura de tots ells.^[4]

↑ Harvest of Despair: Karel Cornelis Berkhoff
↑ Robert Gellately. Lenin, Stalin, and Hitler: The Age of Social Catastrophe. Knopf, 2007, ISBN 1400040051, p. 391.
↑ (anglès) Richard Rhodes. Masters of Death: The SS-Einsatzgruppen and the Invention of the Holocaust. Nova York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2002. ISBN 0-375-40900-9. Despite the deportations, Barbarossa surprised the NKVD, whose jails and prisons in the annexed territories were crowded with political prisoners. Rather than releasing their prisoners as they hurriedly retreated during the first week of the war, the Soviet secret police killed them. NKVD prisoner executions in the first week after Barbarossa totaled some ten thousand in western Ukraine and more than nine thousand in Vinnytsia, eastward toward Kíev. Comparable numbers of prisoners were executed in eastern Poland, Byelorussia, Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia. The Soviet areas had already sustained losses numbering in the hundreds of thousands from the Stalinist purges of 1937-38. “It was not only the numbers of the executed,” historian Yuri Boshyk writes of the evacuation murders, “but also the manner in which they died that shocked the populace. When the families of the arrested rushed to the prisons after the Soviet evacuation, they were aghast to find bodies so badly mutilated that many could not be identified. It was evident that many of the prisoners had also been tortured before death; others were killed en masse.”
↑ Andrew Nagorski: The Greatest Battle, p. 84.

[1] Harvest of Despair: Karel Cornelis Berkhoff

[Social_Catastrophe-2] Robert Gellately. Lenin, Stalin, and Hitler: The Age of Social Catastrophe. Knopf, 2007, ISBN 1400040051, p. 391.

[Rhodes-3] (anglès) Richard Rhodes. Masters of Death: The SS-Einsatzgruppen and the Invention of the Holocaust. Nova York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2002. ISBN 0-375-40900-9. Despite the deportations, Barbarossa surprised the NKVD, whose jails and prisons in the annexed territories were crowded with political prisoners. Rather than releasing their prisoners as they hurriedly retreated during the first week of the war, the Soviet secret police killed them. NKVD prisoner executions in the first week after Barbarossa totaled some ten thousand in western Ukraine and more than nine thousand in Vinnytsia, eastward toward Kíev. Comparable numbers of prisoners were executed in eastern Poland, Byelorussia, Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia. The Soviet areas had already sustained losses numbering in the hundreds of thousands from the Stalinist purges of 1937-38. “It was not only the numbers of the executed,” historian Yuri Boshyk writes of the evacuation murders, “but also the manner in which they died that shocked the populace. When the families of the arrested rushed to the prisons after the Soviet evacuation, they were aghast to find bodies so badly mutilated that many could not be identified. It was evident that many of the prisoners had also been tortured before death; others were killed en masse.”

[4] Andrew Nagorski: The Greatest Battle, p. 84.

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